This Court of last resort operates much
like the Supreme Court of the United States. Taking appeals from the various
lower courts, this three-judge panel interprets the many laws of the Navajo
Nation. One clerk, representing the judges and writing their legal opinions, comprises
the legal staff. Despite its apparent lack of funding (and dearth of legal
training) this Court represents the highest priority of the legal system in the
Navajo Nation; and does it with poise and confidence. Our superiors were
incredibly intelligent and good-hearted in their efforts.
Two of us spent our week working cases in
the clerk’s chambers. Our first day included a brief discussion of Navajo
Common Law. Shortly thereafter we were given two case files. Our instructions
were simple: write a legal opinion worthy of publication in the Navajo Law
Reporter. We were to write the initial draft of the legal findings of the Court
on two issues of first impression. Needless to say, we were shocked.
The Court is sorely over-burdened with
incoming cases, a result of the role of the Court. The Supreme Court of the
Navajo Nation operates more as a law-making body than as a simple interpreter
of the laws. This comes as the Tribal Council (legislature) passes statutes
charging the Court with defining the specific intentions of the law, no doubt
an attempt at political duck-and-cover. This distinction–intentional law
making–makes for a very different kind of judicial system from its counterpart
in our constitutional government. Learning to write opinions declaring new law
was a difficult challenge. It would seem that the debate between judicial
activism and restraint was settled years ago.
The incredible responsibility that ensues
with an internship in this Court is nothing short of spectacular. In no other
externship have I ever had such an impact on the law. Our legal opinions are
now recorded in Navajo legal history (we were told our drafts would become the
final opinion in both cases). The Clerk made sure to remind us of our
University’s importance in the role of law-making on this reservation. Our
interns have written dispositive opinions of great importance to the Navajos
for years. I sincerely hope we continue this proud tradition in the future,
benefitting the Navajo Nation and its people as a legal resource.
Jay Shannon